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Effect of Organic Materials as Feed Sources for Vermicomposting
Vimean Long, Sophoanrith Ro, Sambo Pheap, Rathana Sor
Royal University of Agriculture
Locally-available materials could be used to address soil fertility constraints. Vermicomposting is a promising technology where various organic materials are converted into processed compost by earthworm. This study has the objective to evaluate local feed sources and their potential for vermicompost production. The vermicompost production was carried out in the plastic container under a roofed and net-sided production house. The plot design was laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with nine replications. Vermiculture feedstock treatments were Cow manure (CM) and three cow manure and alternative feed stock treatments (75:25 on a dry basis) that included water hyacinth (WH), used coffee ground (coffee) or Azolla. The results showed that the combined cow manure with Azolla tended to produce more vermicompost after four weeks, but post-harvest earworm weight was lower. The cow manure only treatment produced higher earthworm weights. However, the earthworm population was not influenced by feed sources. The chemical characteristics of vermicompost were not different among feed source ratios or combination. A comparison of the feed stock material before and after vermiculture composting show that EC and total P increased in the compost, total K, organic C and the C:N ratio decreased, but pH and Total N remained constant.
Effect of Different Levels of Concentrate Feed and Water Spinach Utilization Mixed with Rice Bran on Digestibility and N balance of local crossbred pigs
Thy KOL*, Phiny CHIV and Mardy SEREY
Svay Rieng University
The experiment was conducted at the research station of Svay Reing University from 01 December, 2019 to 31 January, 2021. The objectives of the experiment were to compare feet intake, feed digestibility and nitrogen retention of pigs fed with 4 diets. Eight castrated male crossbred pigs (Large White x Local breed) of average live weight 15 kg were given four diets in a double 4*4 Latin square arrangement. The experiment included 4 periods, each of 10 days, 5 days for adaptation and 5 days for collection of feces and urine. Four treatments were T1: Concentrate feed 15% + Water spinach 50% + Rice bran 35%, T2: Concentrate feed 30% + Water spinach 35%+ Rice bran 35%, T3: Concentrate feed 45% + Water spinach 20% + Rice bran 35% and T4: Concentrate feed 60%+ Water spinach 5%+ Rice bran 35%. The result showed that the total intakes of DM and CP were higher in treatment 4 as compared to the other 3 treatments (P<0.01). The digestibility of DM, CP and CF were high significant different of treatment 4 as compared with the treatment 3, 2 and 1 (P<0.01). And also nitrogen retention was high significant different in treatment 4 (P<0.01) if compared to other treatments. The conclusion was supplement of a mixture of concentrate feed 60% mixed with water spinach 5% and rice bran 35%, were higher intake, higher digestibility and good N retention in pigs than other treatments.
Effect of Soil Block Composition on Seedling Growth and Yield of Different Chinese Kale Cultivars
Pul PECH, Mardy SEREY and Sinath CHEA*
Svay Rieng University
Chinese kale is one of popular vegetables in Cambodia. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of soil block composition on seedling growth and yield of different Chinese kale cultivars. These experiments were arranged in a Factorial Randomized Block Design with two factors. The first factor was Chinese kale varieties (V): V1 (big leaf variety) and V2 (small leaf variety) and the second factor was soil block consisting of 4 levels: SB1(15% cow manure, 5% chicken manure, 40% coconut husk and 40% soil), SB2(20% cow manure, 10% chicken manure, 35% coconut husk and 35% soil),SB3( 25% cow manure, 5% chicken manure, 30% coconut husk and 40% soil ) and SB4 (30% cow manure, 10% chicken manure, 25% coconut husk and 35% soil). There was 8 treatment combinations with 4 replications, resulted in 32 experimental units. The total yield of Chinese kale big leaf variety was higher than Chinese kale small leaf variety planted 46 days after sowing. And the total yield of both varieties: soil block (SB3) has the average total yield of 22.91 tons, the highest average yield, then soil block (SB2) has the average total yield was 18.32 tons, followed by soil block (SB4) with an average total yield of 15.01 tons and the soil block (SB1) with an average total yield of 11.70 tons lowest.
Control of Brown Spot Disease by Organic Methods and Good Agricultural Practices on the Cultivation of Sen Kraaub Variety and Sen Pidao Variety
Sopheaktra MA*, Houly TANN and Mardy SEREY
Svay Rieng University
Rice is an important food crop for the Cambodian people, which contributes about 54% of the GDP of the agricultural sector (crop sector). The object of this study was the control of brown spot disease by organic methods and good agricultural practices on the cultivation of Sen kraaub variety and Sen pidao variety. The experiments were arranged in a factorial Randomize Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two factors. The first factor was fertilizer: T0: Agriculture (Control), T1: Organic Fertilizer (Organic Method) and T2: Good Agricultural Practice GAP (Good Agricultural Practice). And the second factor was rice varieties: the first rice variety was Sen kraaub (V1) and the second rice variety was Sen Pidao (V2). The first rice variety was Sen kraaub (V1), the total yield of T2 was 4538 kg / ha the heaviest, then T1 has a total yield of 3788 kg / ha and T0 get a total yield of 1200 kg / ha was the lowest. The second variety, Sen Pidao (V2): T2 has a total yield of 4850 kg / ha was the highest total yield, then T1 has a total yield of 4288 kg / ha and T0 get the total yield equal to 1815 kg / ha was the lowest total yield.
Total Nitrogen and Soil Organic Matter in Forage-based Cropping System Under Lower and Upper Toposequences
Rathana SOR, Sophoarith RO, Sambo PHEAP, Chanty HUOT, Pheakdey CHAN, Soklin KHEAM,
Pengly KOUN and Rathan ARN
Royal University of Agriculture
Integration of forage has been considered as an important part of diversified cropping system. The objective of this study was to assess Soil Organic Matter and Total Nitrogen of forage-based cropping system under both lower and upper toposequences. The field trials were conducted under loamy soil condition in Tang Kroucdh village, Tang Krouch commune, Samroung Tong district, Kampong Speu province. Two types of forages (namely Paspalum scrobiculatum and Urochloa hybrid Mulato II) were cultivated on seven plots under both lower and higher topsequences. The soil samples were taken at the depth of 0 – 10 cm and 10 – 20 cm at soil laboratory of Faculty of Agronomy, Royal University of Agriculture. Regardless of soil depths, the soil organic matter in lower toposequence was higher than in that of upper toposequence. In contrast, total nitrogen was higher under upper toposequence than lower toposequences. In conclusion, toposequences affected the level of soil organic matter and total nitrogen which needs to manage properly.
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